When caring for a client prescribed codeine for chronic back pain, what intervention should the nurse prioritize?

When a client is prescribed codeine for chronic back pain, prioritizing monitoring bowel activity is crucial due to the common side effect of constipation associated with opioid use. Codeine is an opioid analgesic that acts on the central nervous system to relieve pain. A significant downside of opioids is their tendency to slow down gastrointestinal motility, which can lead to constipation. As a nurse, ensuring that the client maintains regular bowel movements is essential to prevent discomfort, which can ultimately hinder pain management and overall quality of life.

While monitoring respiratory rate, assessing for nausea, and checking blood pressure are also important nursing interventions, the risk of constipation with opioid medications like codeine often requires more immediate attention. Patients may not report constipation until it becomes severe, so proactive monitoring encourages early intervention, such as dietary adjustments or the use of laxatives if necessary, thereby maintaining the client's comfort and adherence to the pain management regimen.